# Productie Deployment Guide

Deze guide beschrijft hoe je de Zuyderland CMDB GUI applicatie veilig en betrouwbaar in productie kunt draaien.

## 📋 Inhoudsopgave

1. [Security Best Practices](#security-best-practices)
2. [Production Docker Setup](#production-docker-setup)
3. [Environment Configuratie](#environment-configuratie)
4. [Reverse Proxy (Nginx)](#reverse-proxy-nginx)
5. [SSL/TLS Certificaten](#ssltls-certificaten)
6. [Database & Cache](#database--cache)
7. [Session Management](#session-management)
8. [Monitoring & Logging](#monitoring--logging)
9. [Backup Strategie](#backup-strategie)
10. [Deployment Checklist](#deployment-checklist)

---

## 🔒 Security Best Practices

### 1. Environment Variabelen

**ALTIJD** gebruik een `.env` bestand dat NIET in git staat:

```bash
# .env (niet committen!)
JIRA_HOST=https://jira.zuyderland.nl
JIRA_SCHEMA_ID=your-schema-id
JIRA_AUTH_METHOD=oauth  # of 'pat'
JIRA_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID=your-client-id
JIRA_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET=your-client-secret
JIRA_OAUTH_CALLBACK_URL=https://cmdb.zuyderland.nl/api/auth/callback
SESSION_SECRET=<generate-random-64-char-string>
ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=your-key
NODE_ENV=production
PORT=3001
FRONTEND_URL=https://cmdb.zuyderland.nl
JIRA_API_BATCH_SIZE=15
```

**Genereer een veilige SESSION_SECRET:**
```bash
openssl rand -hex 32
```

### 2. Secrets Management

Gebruik een secrets management systeem:
- **Kubernetes**: Secrets
- **Docker Swarm**: Docker Secrets
- **Cloud**: AWS Secrets Manager, Azure Key Vault, Google Secret Manager
- **On-premise**: HashiCorp Vault

### 3. Network Security

- **Firewall**: Alleen poorten 80/443 open voor reverse proxy
- **Internal Network**: Backend alleen bereikbaar via reverse proxy
- **VPN**: Overweeg VPN voor interne toegang

---

## 🐳 Production Docker Setup

### Backend Production Dockerfile

Maak `backend/Dockerfile.prod`:

```dockerfile
FROM node:20-alpine AS builder

WORKDIR /app

# Install dependencies
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production && npm cache clean --force

# Copy source
COPY . .

# Build TypeScript
RUN npm run build

# Production stage
FROM node:20-alpine

WORKDIR /app

# Install only production dependencies
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production && npm cache clean --force

# Copy built files
COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist
COPY --from=builder /app/src/generated ./src/generated

# Create data directory with proper permissions
RUN mkdir -p /app/data && chown -R node:node /app/data

# Switch to non-root user
USER node

# Expose port
EXPOSE 3001

# Health check
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=40s --retries=3 \
  CMD node -e "require('http').get('http://localhost:3001/health', (r) => {process.exit(r.statusCode === 200 ? 0 : 1)})"

# Start production server
CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]
```

### Frontend Production Dockerfile

Maak `frontend/Dockerfile.prod`:

```dockerfile
FROM node:20-alpine AS builder

WORKDIR /app

# Install dependencies
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci

# Copy source and build
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

# Production stage with nginx
FROM nginx:alpine

# Copy built files
COPY --from=builder /app/dist /usr/share/nginx/html

# Copy nginx config
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

# Expose port
EXPOSE 80

# Health check
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
  CMD wget --quiet --tries=1 --spider http://localhost/ || exit 1

CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
```

### Frontend Nginx Config

Maak `frontend/nginx.conf`:

```nginx
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name _;
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.html;

    # Gzip compression
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_min_length 1024;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml+rss application/json application/javascript;

    # Security headers
    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
    add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always;

    # Cache static assets
    location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot)$ {
        expires 1y;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
    }

    # API proxy
    location /api {
        proxy_pass http://backend:3001;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
        proxy_read_timeout 300s;
        proxy_connect_timeout 75s;
    }

    # SPA routing
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
    }
}
```

### Production Docker Compose

Maak `docker-compose.prod.yml`:

```yaml
version: '3.8'

services:
  backend:
    build:
      context: ./backend
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.prod
    environment:
      - NODE_ENV=production
      - PORT=3001
    env_file:
      - .env.production
    volumes:
      - backend_data:/app/data
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - internal
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "node", "-e", "require('http').get('http://localhost:3001/health', (r) => {process.exit(r.statusCode === 200 ? 0 : 1)})"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s

  frontend:
    build:
      context: ./frontend
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.prod
    depends_on:
      - backend
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - internal
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "wget", "--quiet", "--tries=1", "--spider", "http://localhost/"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3

  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
      - ./nginx/ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl:ro
      - nginx_cache:/var/cache/nginx
    depends_on:
      - frontend
      - backend
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - internal

volumes:
  backend_data:
  nginx_cache:

networks:
  internal:
    driver: bridge
```

---

## 🌐 Reverse Proxy (Nginx)

### Main Nginx Config

Maak `nginx/nginx.conf`:

```nginx
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
    use epoll;
}

http {
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    client_max_body_size 10M;

    # Gzip
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/xml+rss;

    # Rate limiting
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api_limit:10m rate=100r/m;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=general_limit:10m rate=200r/m;

    # SSL Configuration
    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout 10m;

    # Upstream backend
    upstream backend {
        server backend:3001;
        keepalive 32;
    }

    # Upstream frontend
    upstream frontend {
        server frontend:80;
    }

    # HTTP to HTTPS redirect
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name cmdb.zuyderland.nl;
        return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
    }

    # HTTPS server
    server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        server_name cmdb.zuyderland.nl;

        # SSL certificates
        ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/fullchain.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/privkey.pem;

        # Security headers
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" always;
        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
        add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always;
        add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' data: https:; font-src 'self' data:; connect-src 'self' https://jira.zuyderland.nl;" always;

        # API routes with rate limiting
        location /api {
            limit_req zone=api_limit burst=20 nodelay;
            
            proxy_pass http://backend;
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
            proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
            proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
            
            # Timeouts
            proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
            proxy_send_timeout 60s;
            proxy_read_timeout 300s;
        }

        # Frontend
        location / {
            limit_req zone=general_limit burst=50 nodelay;
            
            proxy_pass http://frontend;
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
            proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
        }

        # Health check (no rate limit)
        location /health {
            access_log off;
            proxy_pass http://backend/health;
        }
    }
}
```

---

## 🔐 SSL/TLS Certificaten

### Let's Encrypt (Gratis)

```bash
# Install certbot
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install certbot

# Generate certificate
sudo certbot certonly --standalone -d cmdb.zuyderland.nl

# Certificates worden opgeslagen in:
# /etc/letsencrypt/live/cmdb.zuyderland.nl/fullchain.pem
# /etc/letsencrypt/live/cmdb.zuyderland.nl/privkey.pem

# Auto-renewal
sudo certbot renew --dry-run
```

### Certificaten kopiëren naar Docker volume:

```bash
# Maak directory
mkdir -p nginx/ssl

# Kopieer certificaten (of gebruik bind mount)
cp /etc/letsencrypt/live/cmdb.zuyderland.nl/fullchain.pem nginx/ssl/
cp /etc/letsencrypt/live/cmdb.zuyderland.nl/privkey.pem nginx/ssl/
```

---

## 💾 Database & Cache

### SQLite Cache Database

De cache database wordt opgeslagen in `/app/data/cmdb-cache.db`.

**Backup strategie:**
```bash
# Dagelijkse backup script
#!/bin/bash
BACKUP_DIR="/backups/cmdb"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
docker exec cmdb-gui_backend_1 sqlite3 /app/data/cmdb-cache.db ".backup '$BACKUP_DIR/cmdb-cache-$DATE.db'"
# Bewaar laatste 30 dagen
find $BACKUP_DIR -name "cmdb-cache-*.db" -mtime +30 -delete
```

**Volume backup:**
```bash
# Backup hele volume
docker run --rm -v cmdb-gui_backend_data:/data -v $(pwd)/backups:/backup \
  alpine tar czf /backup/backend-data-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /data
```

---

## 🔑 Session Management

### Huidige Implementatie

De applicatie gebruikt momenteel in-memory session storage. Voor productie is dit **NIET geschikt**.

### Aanbeveling: Redis voor Sessions

1. **Voeg Redis toe aan docker-compose.prod.yml:**

```yaml
  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    command: redis-server --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD}
    volumes:
      - redis_data:/data
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - internal
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "--raw", "incr", "ping"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 3s
      retries: 3

volumes:
  redis_data:
```

2. **Update authService.ts om Redis te gebruiken:**

```typescript
import Redis from 'ioredis';

const redis = new Redis({
  host: process.env.REDIS_HOST || 'redis',
  port: parseInt(process.env.REDIS_PORT || '6379'),
  password: process.env.REDIS_PASSWORD,
});

// Vervang sessionStore met Redis calls
async function setSession(sessionId: string, session: UserSession): Promise<void> {
  const ttl = Math.floor((session.expiresAt - Date.now()) / 1000);
  await redis.setex(`session:${sessionId}`, ttl, JSON.stringify(session));
}

async function getSession(sessionId: string): Promise<UserSession | null> {
  const data = await redis.get(`session:${sessionId}`);
  return data ? JSON.parse(data) : null;
}
```

---

## 📊 Monitoring & Logging

### 1. Logging

De applicatie gebruikt Winston. Configureer log rotation:

```typescript
// backend/src/services/logger.ts
import winston from 'winston';
import DailyRotateFile from 'winston-daily-rotate-file';

export const logger = winston.createLogger({
  level: process.env.LOG_LEVEL || 'info',
  format: winston.format.combine(
    winston.format.timestamp(),
    winston.format.errors({ stack: true }),
    winston.format.json()
  ),
  transports: [
    new DailyRotateFile({
      filename: 'logs/application-%DATE%.log',
      datePattern: 'YYYY-MM-DD',
      maxSize: '20m',
      maxFiles: '14d',
    }),
    new DailyRotateFile({
      filename: 'logs/error-%DATE%.log',
      datePattern: 'YYYY-MM-DD',
      level: 'error',
      maxSize: '20m',
      maxFiles: '30d',
    }),
  ],
});

if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
  logger.add(new winston.transports.Console({
    format: winston.format.simple()
  }));
}
```

### 2. Health Checks

De applicatie heeft al een `/health` endpoint. Monitor dit:

```bash
# Monitoring script
#!/bin/bash
HEALTH_URL="https://cmdb.zuyderland.nl/health"
STATUS=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" $HEALTH_URL)

if [ $STATUS -ne 200 ]; then
  # Alert via email/Slack/etc
  echo "Health check failed: $STATUS"
  exit 1
fi
```

### 3. Application Monitoring

Overweeg:
- **Prometheus + Grafana**: Metrics en dashboards
- **Sentry**: Error tracking
- **New Relic / Datadog**: APM (Application Performance Monitoring)

---

## 💾 Backup Strategie

### 1. Database Backups

```bash
#!/bin/bash
# backup.sh - Run dagelijks via cron

BACKUP_DIR="/backups/cmdb"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)

# Backup SQLite database
docker exec cmdb-gui_backend_1 sqlite3 /app/data/cmdb-cache.db \
  ".backup '$BACKUP_DIR/cmdb-cache-$DATE.db'"

# Compress
gzip "$BACKUP_DIR/cmdb-cache-$DATE.db"

# Upload naar remote storage (optioneel)
# aws s3 cp "$BACKUP_DIR/cmdb-cache-$DATE.db.gz" s3://your-backup-bucket/

# Cleanup oude backups (bewaar 30 dagen)
find $BACKUP_DIR -name "*.db.gz" -mtime +30 -delete
```

### 2. Configuration Backups

Backup `.env.production` en andere configuratie bestanden naar een veilige locatie.

---

## ✅ Deployment Checklist

### Pre-Deployment

- [ ] Alle environment variabelen geconfigureerd
- [ ] SESSION_SECRET gegenereerd (64+ karakters)
- [ ] SSL certificaten geconfigureerd
- [ ] Firewall regels ingesteld
- [ ] Reverse proxy geconfigureerd
- [ ] Health checks getest
- [ ] Backup strategie geïmplementeerd

### Security

- [ ] Alle secrets in environment variabelen (niet in code)
- [ ] HTTPS geforceerd (HTTP → HTTPS redirect)
- [ ] Security headers geconfigureerd (HSTS, CSP, etc.)
- [ ] Rate limiting geactiveerd
- [ ] CORS correct geconfigureerd
- [ ] Session cookies secure en httpOnly
- [ ] OAuth callback URL correct geconfigureerd

### Performance

- [ ] Production builds getest
- [ ] Docker images geoptimaliseerd (multi-stage builds)
- [ ] Caching geconfigureerd (nginx, browser)
- [ ] Gzip compression geactiveerd
- [ ] Database indexes gecontroleerd

### Monitoring

- [ ] Logging geconfigureerd met rotation
- [ ] Health checks geïmplementeerd
- [ ] Monitoring alerts ingesteld
- [ ] Error tracking geconfigureerd (optioneel)

### Operations

- [ ] Backup scripts getest
- [ ] Restore procedure gedocumenteerd
- [ ] Rollback procedure gedocumenteerd
- [ ] Deployment procedure gedocumenteerd
- [ ] Incident response plan

---

## 🚀 Deployment Commands

### Build en Start

```bash
# Build production images
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml build

# Start services
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d

# Check logs
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs -f

# Check health
curl https://cmdb.zuyderland.nl/health
```

### Updates

```bash
# Pull nieuwe code
git pull

# Rebuild en restart
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d --build

# Zero-downtime deployment (met meerdere instances)
# Gebruik rolling updates of blue-green deployment
```

---

## 🔧 Aanvullende Aanbevelingen

### 1. Container Orchestration

Voor grotere deployments, overweeg:
- **Kubernetes**: Voor schaalbaarheid en high availability
- **Docker Swarm**: Simpelere alternatief voor Kubernetes

### 2. Load Balancing

Voor high availability, gebruik meerdere backend instances met load balancer.

### 3. CDN

Overweeg een CDN (CloudFlare, AWS CloudFront) voor statische assets.

### 4. Database Scaling

Voor grote datasets, overweeg:
- PostgreSQL in plaats van SQLite
- Database replicatie voor read scaling
- Connection pooling

### 5. Caching Layer

Overweeg Redis voor:
- Session storage
- API response caching
- Query result caching

---

## 📞 Support & Troubleshooting

### Veelvoorkomende Issues

1. **Sessions verlopen te snel**: Check SESSION_SECRET en Redis configuratie
2. **CORS errors**: Check FRONTEND_URL en CORS configuratie
3. **Database locks**: SQLite is niet geschikt voor hoge concurrency
4. **Memory issues**: Monitor container memory usage

### Logs Bekijken

```bash
# Backend logs
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs backend

# Frontend logs
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs frontend

# Nginx logs
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs nginx
```

---

## 📚 Referenties

- [OWASP Top 10](https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten/)
- [Node.js Security Best Practices](https://nodejs.org/en/docs/guides/security/)
- [Docker Security Best Practices](https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/)
- [Nginx Security Guide](https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/configuring_https_servers.html)